関係代名詞

進行形

現在分詞

The sitting girl is Mika.
girlの修飾が1つ(sitting)
修飾は名詞の前

The girl sitting near the door is Mika.
girlの修飾が2つ以上(sitting, near〜)
修飾は名詞の後

現在形の関係代名詞

Do you know the boy who is talking with Kate ?
Do you know the boy talking with Kate ? (省略形＝現在分詞＋修飾２つ以上の形)

I know the boy who is talikng with Kate.
I know the boy talikng with Kate. (省略形＝現在分詞＋修飾２つ以上の形)

The boy who is talikng is Mike.
The boy talikng is Mike. (省略形＝現在分詞＋修飾２つ以上の形)

受動態

English is spoken in a lot of country.
English was spoken in a lot of country.
English will be spoken in a lot of country.

過去分詞

Some dishes were washed by my sister.
受動態

Give me some washed dishes.
修飾が1つ(washed）

Give me dishes washed by my sister.
修飾が2つ(washed, by〜）

受動態の関係代名詞

This is the dress which was made for her.
This is the dress made for her. (省略形＝過去分詞＋修飾２つ以上の形)

I know the girl who was loved by a lot of people.
I know the girl loved by a lot of people. (省略形＝過去分詞＋修飾２つ以上の形)

関係代名詞

代名詞	関係代名詞	名称
I, She	who	主格
my, her	whose	所有格
me, her	whom	目的格

主格

人(who)

I know the lady. she speaks English well.
I know the lady who speaks English well.

The lady speaks English well . she is my friend.
The lady who speaks English well is my friend.

物(which)

He has a dog. it runs fast.
He has a dog which runs fast.
英語圏では動物は物扱い

所有格

人(whose)

I have a friend. his mother is a nurse.
I have a friend whose mother is a nurse.

The lady’s mother is a nurse. she is my friend.
The lady whose mother is a nurse is my friend.

物(whose)

I can see the house. its rppf is red.
I can see the house whose rppf ss red.

目的格

人(whom)

They are singers. ← I like them.
They are singers whom I like.
They are singers I like.
(目的格の省略)

I saw The singer yesterday. ←He is my favorite.
The singer whom I saw yesterday is my favorite.
The singer I saw yesterday is my favorite.
(目的格の省略)

物(which)

This is the city. we visited it last year.
This is the city which we visited last year.

This is the city that we visited last year.